Export/Backup directly to Zip using MKNOD!

We all faced that situation when we have to make a logical backup/export and haven’t so much area to do that, right?
We know the export usually compress a lot on zip/gzip… It wouldn’t be great if we can export directly to compressed file?

zip
This situation become much more common because of Datapump, that requires a directory accessible by database server. If you have not possibility to make a mounting point or any other area, this can help…

## BKP with MKNOD
BKP_DEST=/just/example
DATE=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`
cd $BKP_DEST
mknod bkp_$DATE.dmp p
gzip  bkp_$DATE.dmp.gz &
### Uncomment and Ajust one of:
## MySQL:
#mysqldump -u $user -p$password $database > bkp_$DATE.dmp
## Oracle (Datapump or EXP)
expdp \"/ as sysdba\" dumpfile=bkp_$DATE.dmp full=y directory=DIRECTORY_EXAMPLE logfile=log_bkpzipped.log compress=y
#expdp $user/$password dumpfile=bkp_$DATE.dmp full=y directory=DIRECTORY_EXAMPLE logfile=log_bkpzipped.log
#exp \"/ as sysdba\" file=bkp_$DATE.dmp log=log_bkpzipped.log compress=y [tables=owner.table,..] [owner=schema1,..] [...]

Hugs!
Matheus.

Linux Basic: Creating a Filesystem

From disk to filesystem:

> Rescan on scisi controller to detect the disk (controller id 0, in  this example)

echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan

– List disks

fdisk -l

> Fdisk choosing options n -> new p->partition 1-> partition number

fdisk /dev/sdm

> Create physcal volume

pvcreate /dev/sdm1

> Create Volume Group

vgcreate oracle /dev/sdb1

> Rename Volume Group

vgrename oracle vgoracle

> Create LV

lvcreate -L 19G -n lvoracle vgoracle

> Extend LV

lvextend -L +990M /dev/vgoracle/lvoracle

> Make FileSystem

mkfs.ext3 -m 0 -v /dev/vgoracle/lvoracle

OBS: m 0 is the journal (for recovery in case of crash).  “0” because I don’t want it now. So, 100% of disco will be available for using on fs.

> Mount filesystem on Directory

mount -t ext3 /dev/vgoracle/lvoracle /oracle/

> Just to check:

$ df -h
/dev/mapper/vgoracle-lvoracle
20G  173M   20G   1% /oracle

 

Have a nice day!
Matheus.

Tip for the Future: Segmentation fault because of LD_LIBRARY_PATH

More than once I forgot to set LD_LIBRARY_PATH in new environments and sometimes I faced awkward errors. The most common is “Segmentation Fault”.
Today a lost almost 15 minutes searching about Segmentation Fault related to Datapump on 11.2, then I realized I forgot the LD_LIBRARY_PATH again…

Other day, in a Upgrade from 11.2.0.3.6 to 11.2.0.4.2 I get stuck in lots of errors on upgrade process. Bullshit again, after a few minutes of errors and searching I founded a post, somewhere, talking about the variables setting.

So, Matheus from the Future: Check if LB_LIBRARY_PATH and other variables are setted for the right Oracle Home.

I expect this post save me from this same pain in the future. 😛
Thanks.

Matheus.

Optimize fragmented tables in MySQL

It happens on MySQL, as you know. Run an Optimize Table solve the question.
BUT, be careful! During the optimize the table stay locked (writing is not possible).

Fragmentation-table
(Fragmented Table)

So what?
To not cause a lock in every table, the script below shows and runs (if you want to list but not run, comment the line) only for tables that have fragmentation.

It was very useful to me! 🙂

#!/bin/sh
echo -n "MySQL username: " ; read username
echo -n "MySQL password: " ; stty -echo ; read password ; stty echo ; echo
mysql -u $username -p"$password" -NBe "SHOW DATABASES;" | grep -v 'lost+found' | while read database ; do
mysql -u $username -p"$password" -NBe "SHOW TABLE STATUS;" $database | while read name engine version rowformat rows avgrowlength datalength maxdatalength indexlength datafree autoincrement createtime updatetime checktime collation checksum createoptions comment ; do
if [ "$datafree" -gt 0 ] ; then
fragmentation=$(($datafree * 100 / $datalength))
echo "$database.$name is $fragmentation% fragmented."
mysql -u "$username" -p"$password" -NBe "OPTIMIZE TABLE $name;" "$database"
fi
done
done

The resul will be like:

MySQL username: root
MySQL password:
...
mysql.db is 12% fragmented.
mysql.db optimize status OK
mysql.user is 9% fragmented.
mysql.db optimize status OK
...

This script is a full copy from this post by Robert de Bock.
Thanks, Robert!

Matheus.

100th Post!

Just to keep on track: This is the 100th post!

It has been a great pleasure to be sharing and learning with you all along.
Thanks to all followers, readers and collaborators!

100 anniversary

Explain ORA-XXX on SQL*Plus

For those when the error is unkown/rare, SQL*Plus helps us. It’s just call “oerr” from OS.

See the Linux example (made on RHEL):

SQL>  !oerr ora 01652
01652, 00000, "unable to extend temp segment by %s in tablespace %s"
// *Cause:  Failed to allocate an extent of the required number of blocks for
//          a temporary segment in the tablespace indicated.
// *Action: Use ALTER TABLESPACE ADD DATAFILE statement to add one or more
//          files to the tablespace indicated.

Pretty cool, han?

Have a nice week!
Matheus.

PRCR-1079 CRS-2674 CRS-5017 ORA-27102: out of memory Linux-x86_64 Error: 28: No space left on device

# Problem

myserver:/home/oracle>srvctl start database -d mydb
PRCR-1079 : Failed to start resource ora.mydb.db
CRS-5017: The resource action "ora.mydb.db start" encountered the following error:
ORA-27102: out of memory
Linux-x86_64 Error: 28: No space left on device
. For details refer to "(:CLSN00107:)" in "/grid/product/11.2.0/log/myserver/agent/crsd/oraagent_oracle/oraagent_oracle.log".
CRS-2674: Start of 'ora.mydb.db' on 'myserver' failed
CRS-5017: The resource action "ora.mydb.db start" encountered the following error:
ORA-27102: out of memory
Linux-x86_64 Error: 28: No space left on device
. For details refer to "(:CLSN00107:)" in "/grid/product/11.2.0/log/myserver2/agent/crsd/oraagent_oracle/oraagent_oracle.log".
CRS-2674: Start of 'ora.mydb.db' on 'myserver2' failed
CRS-2632: There are no more servers to try to place resource 'ora.mydb.db' on that would satisfy its placement policy
myserver:/home/oracle>

# Solution

On /etc/sysctl.conf ajust as below and then reload sysctl (“sysctl -p” as root):

#Old
#kernel.shmall = 24641536
#New
kernel.shmall = 4294967296

Matheus.

Shellscript: Master Blaster KB!

Hi all!
I frequently have to search about shellscript syntax (things like conditions and comparatives).

Shellscripting is not a daily routine, but sometimes it’s needed and I never remmember from the last time…

For those kind of people, this link/book shall be very helpful 🙂

(it’s in portguese, but everyone will understand…)
http://aurelio.net/shell/canivete/

Thanks for this tools, Aurelio!

Have a nice week guys!

ORA-01994: GRANT failed: password file missing or disabled

Quick tip:

[oracle@server ~]$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID password=$password entries=$num_users force=y

 

KB: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28310/dba007.htm#ADMIN12478

# OBS 1
“If you are running multiple instances of Oracle Database using Oracle Real Application Clusters, the environment variable for each instance should point to the same password file.”

# OBS 2
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE need to be in EXCLUSIVE to alter user with sysdba.

# OBS 3
Users can be chacked on V$PWFILE_USERS.

# OBS 4
Entries represent the quantity of users on orapwd/with sysdba.

Matheus.